Post by jasperclauwaert on Persistent Retain Variables Not Visible in Online View (WAGO PFC100 + CODESYS) ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi everyone, I’m working on a WAGO PFC100 with CODESYS. During development everything worked fine, but in the final stage I set several variables to PERSISTENT RETAIN. When I go online, most of these persistent variables cannot be monitored. Instead, I see: <Value of the expression cannot be retrieved> Interestingly, a few variables do show their values correctly, but the majority do not. The variables are not used as pointers or in any unusual way. The application compiles and runs without errors. Has anyone experienced this before? Is this a known issue with PFC100 or CODESYS? Any ideas on what could cause this behavior? Thanks in advance! Jasper
Last updated: 2025-10-23

Post by youness on No source code available (cip object) ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi yotaro, hope your problem was resolved. I had the same, but with an other library title. This exception is not detected during compilation, but rather at a given position in the program (when switching to a given visualization). Although the exception is generated at this point, it does not involve the visualization in question. This error is due to one of 3 reasons: 1) A division by zero somewhere: The program is able to detect divisions by zero at compile time. But in the case of a variable, which takes a valid value at init and changes to 0 at a later stage. 2) An invalid pointer: (either because it has a value of 0, or because it points outside the memory reserved for the program) is being dereferenced. Locate any pointers or interfaces you have in the code and check them - you should also be wary of mixing inline modifications and pointers. 3) Array overflow: Generally when a processing operation is executed outside the array's definition range. Example: a write loop with n iterations is executed on an array of dimmension n-1. On the other hand, the error message may not appear. In the latter case, the error may have fatal consequences, as the overflow has induced writing to potentially forbidden memory areas. This problem can be explained by the fact that it's not always the adjacent memory areas of PLC_PRG that are overwritten, but the memory areas that are randomly allocated to the array during compilation. In this case, however, there is no entry in the log, so you need to integrate the "Implicit Check function", which checks the line of code generating the error. To integrate this functions, click on Application --> POU for implicit controls Regards,
Last updated: 2024-07-16

Post by ellcap on Did a library update and now can't open project ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
EDIT: Title was a mistake. Should say now I can't compile / download project. Codesys V3.5SP19 Patch 2. Updated the libraries/packages using the Codesys Installer. I'm hit with this error ------ Build started: Application: ------- Typify code... [ERROR] iecvaraccess, 4.4.0.0 (system): IecVarAccess: C0086: No definition found for interface 'IIecVarAccess17' [ERROR] iecvaraccess, 4.4.0.0 (system): IecVarAccess: C0077: Unknown type: 'IIecVarAccess17' [ERROR] iecvaraccess, 4.4.0.0 (system): Initialize [IecVarAccess]: C0032: Cannot convert type 'IECVARACCESS(iecvaraccess, 4.4.0.0 (system))' to type 'IIecVarAccess17' [ERROR] iecvaraccess, 4.4.0.0 (system): QueryInterface [IecVarAccess]: C0231: Expression of type 'BOOL' expected in this place [ERROR] iecvaraccess, 4.4.0.0 (system): QueryInterface [IecVarAccess]: C0077: Unknown type: 'ITFID_IIecVarAccess17' [ERROR] iecvaraccess, 4.4.0.0 (system): QueryInterface [IecVarAccess]: C0046: Identifier 'ITFID_IIecVarAccess17' not defined Compile complete -- 6 errors, 101 warnings Build complete -- 6 errors, 101 warnings : No download possible
Last updated: 2023-09-25

Post by macros8 on Alarm Management - latched variable represented as Text list ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi, I haven´t noticed you put the comment here. I thing it´s a bit different. What I want is to have detail errors of technology in data type e.g. INT. This variable I would latch to the corresponding error msg but I would like to get it convert to text from the text list and not keep it in INT form. Example. Main error Valve Error: SubErrors 1 - Both sensors 2 - Not retracted in time 3 - Not pulled out in time In HMI Main error + latch SubErrors => "Valve Error: Both sensors" The benefit is that text lists are part of translation and can be easily manipulated. I know I can create whole string msg in PLC but then, it lose advantage of Alarm management. Thanks. M.
Last updated: 2023-11-07

Post by hyys12 on How to use/create SOTU in LD program ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
I am trying to make a LD program for an existing installation with a motor. Here an inductive sensor is used to give an input, as a check to verify the conveyor is actually running. Here the plan was to use a TOF timer which gets constantly reset when the sensor input gets detected. The problem is, that if the conveyor is stuck, and the sensor sends a continous signal, the timer will never do what it is supposed to do. Therefor I need some help on how I can convert the input to a pulse, with the help of something like a SOTU. I just cannot find this in codesys anywhere.
Last updated: 2024-07-11

Post by paulg on Converting hex bytes to float ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
I'll be capturing a hex stream over serial into a RasPi and I'd like to convert a group of bytes into a float. I see this is available (https://content.helpme-codesys.com/en/CODESYS%20Development%20System/cdsoperatorrealto.html) but not its inverse (i.e. BYTE_TO_REAL). The packets will be 18 bytes but I'll be selecting 4 byte segments from the middle, swapping byte endianness (i.e. changing 0x51847641 to 0x41768451), and converting to float; I believe they adhere to IEEE 754. Is there a pre-built function for some or all of this, or do I need to follow (https://forge.codesys.com/forge/talk/Engineering/thread/dc5829c7ea/)? Thanks!
Last updated: 2024-08-02

Post by dsa28 on OPC UA subscriber not operational ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello All, Hopefully I can get some help configuring an OPC UA subscriber in a CODESYS runtime in a Raspberry Pi 5 that tries to retrieve data from an OPC UA publisher (in this case running in a TwinCAT system). I tried to follow the steps described in the page to implement the OPC UA subscriber: https://content.helpme-codesys.com/en/CODESYS%20Examples/_ex_opcua_pubsub.html Seems that the example provided was created with version 3.5.16.0. Now with version 3.5.20.20 is not possible to open the complete project neither convert it. Anyway, after configuring all IPs and ports used in the OPC UA connection function block but the connection state always shows DISABLED. Can someone help me to do the proper configuration of the OPC UA subscriber? Many thanks in advance.
Last updated: 2024-10-22

Post by bertcom on Converting each character to a string into ASCII ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Good afternoon, I have a project where i need to split a string and send it in ascii code to an Domino Printer. Concept: i get an String from an Zebra scanner looking like this : " R002043;5410761402862;Oil Plus 2C Comp.A - Gris Belge;1286193824;" To start is the ";" the seperator. i found some functions to delete the ";" in a string. this is okay but now i want to convert each digit in the string into ascii like this: R=82 0=48 0=48 2=50 0=48 ... This because the printer wants to receive a string like this: <esc>OQ001TE 82 48 48 50 48 ...<eot></eot></esc> Anyone who can help me with setting me on the right track with some advice?
Last updated: 2024-11-08

Post by bertcom on Converting each character to a string into ASCII ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Good afternoon, I have a project where i need to split a string and send it in ascii code to an Domino Printer. Concept: i get an String from an Zebra scanner looking like this : " R002043;5410761402862;Oil Plus 2C Comp.A - Gris Belge;1286193824;" To start is the ";" the seperator. i found some functions to delete the ";" in a string. this is okay but now i want to convert each digit in the string into ascii like this: R=82 0=48 0=48 2=50 0=48 ... This because the printer wants to receive a string like this: <esc>OQ001TE 82 48 48 50 48 ...<eot></eot></esc> Anyone who can help me with setting me on the right track with some advice?
Last updated: 2024-11-08

Post by voffi on projects.open not working for file based storage project ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello! Opening a project from a python script given at the CODESYS command line does not work for me with a file based storage project. Example: Running projects.open("test.project", primary = True) works but converting the project to a file based storage project and then give the folder name as an argument to project.open Running projects.open("test.fbsproj", primary = True) does not work. We decided to work with file based storage for the project. Is there a scripting API for file-based storage to e.g. convert it while running the script back or how to open file based storage project with projects.open? Thank you! voffi
Last updated: 2025-09-05

Post by amy123 on codesys mqtt publish serialization ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello, I am using the CODESYS IIoT Libraries SL MQTT Publish. Does this publish block only support publishing STRINGS as a readable format? I can publish ENUM, STRUCT, BOOL; however, MQTT Explorer will only display strings. When I use Wireshark, I can see that it is publishing something, but it looks to be publishing a serialized version which is a bunch of 0s or random text. If so, is there any way to deserialize this information back into a readable format? See pictures, where I have a BOOL TRUE that gets published as 001. Then see where I publish a STRUCT and it's an incomprehensible combination of 0s - only the string variable is displayed. Or, is it expected that you convert everything to a string before publishing? Any help is greatly appreciated! :)
Last updated: 2024-02-16

Post by struccc on Release SP20 - Changes in behaviour? ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Dear all, I've just started to migrate some of my ancient projects to SP20. There is one strange error (?) I have noticed so far. In a method call, depending on the circumstances I would like to return reference to an object, or an invalid reference: METHOD Add_EVT_OUT : REFERENCE TO FB_MSG VAR END_VAR IF __ISVALIDREF(refMSG_Entry) THEN Add_EVT_OUT REF= MANAGER.AddMsg_EVT_OUT( refMSG_Entry, _Get_EVT_Message(MSG_EVENT.OUT), _Get_EVT_AddCode(MSG_EVENT.OUT) )^; ELSE Add_EVT_OUT := 0; END_IF So far setting a reference variable to 0, did this. But now, the expression Add_EVT_OUT := 0; gives an error: [ERROR] DB_WTP_370: Add_EVT_ACK MSG_TRIGGER_EXT: C0032: Cannot convert type 'BIT' to type 'REFERENCE TO FB_MSG' Naturally... I can write: Add_EVT_OUT := DWORD#0; But is this the correct way? Is there any constant I could use instead, like "NULL"? Or this is totally wrong and to be avoided?
Last updated: 2024-03-24

Post by alexgooi on Modbus writing on value change ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
The way I usally tackle this is by syncing only words (then you are able to use the FB above). If you then want to write a Boolean simply type it like this. Value[1].0 := Bool1; Value[1].1 := Bool2; Value[1].2 := Bool3; Uints have the same number of bits than a INT/WORD so these ones will work as well (they are only represented diffrently). A Real will work but you will loose some infomration in the conversion. If you want to keep the information you can convert 2 words to a float with a function (for example with the IEEE-754 standard) . In this way the syncing to the server is very simple and in the Codesys Program you decide what part of the word you want to use.
Last updated: 2024-04-03

Post by pethun on Upgrade from codesys 3.5.19 to 3.5.20 ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi We upgraded our ptoject from 3.5.19 to 3.5.20 but we get an error message in the latest version. We made our own trend function and its related to this we get error message: Trend_Menu Device: PLC Logic: Application: C0032: Cannot convert type 'RTS_SYSTIMEDATE(systimertc, 3.5.20.0 (system))' to type 'RTS_SYSTIMEDATE(systimertc, 3.5.17.0 (system))' The variables are defined as follow: start : SysTimeRtc.SYSTIMEDATE; end : SysTimeRtc.SYSTIMEDATE; The code that creates the error is the variable start and end IF xAssign THEN xAssign := FALSE; xPanEnable := FALSE; xZoomEnable := FALSE; drs.liFrom := VisuTrendStorageAccess.TrendStorageConvertToTimestamp(start, 0 (us)); drs.liTo := VisuTrendStorageAccess.TrendStorageConvertToTimestamp(end, 0 (us)); drs.m_itfDateRangeSelectorClient.SetCurrentRange(drs.liFrom, drs.liTo); END_IF I cant understand really what the error message means and what can be the cause of the error? It compiles fine in dthe older codesys 3.5.19. If anyone has some experience of this please help us out? We must upgrade due to the new licenses. Thanks
Last updated: 2024-04-20

Post by pethun on Upgrade from codesys 3.5.19 to 3.5.20 ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi We upgraded our ptoject from 3.5.19 to 3.5.20 but we get an error message in the latest version. We made our own trend function and its related to this we get error message: Trend_Menu Device: PLC Logic: Application: C0032: Cannot convert type 'RTS_SYSTIMEDATE(systimertc, 3.5.20.0 (system))' to type 'RTS_SYSTIMEDATE(systimertc, 3.5.17.0 (system))' The variables are defined as follow: start : SysTimeRtc.SYSTIMEDATE; end : SysTimeRtc.SYSTIMEDATE; The code that creates the error is the variable start and end IF xAssign THEN xAssign := FALSE; xPanEnable := FALSE; xZoomEnable := FALSE; drs.liFrom := VisuTrendStorageAccess.TrendStorageConvertToTimestamp(start, 0 (us)); drs.liTo := VisuTrendStorageAccess.TrendStorageConvertToTimestamp(end, 0 (us)); drs.m_itfDateRangeSelectorClient.SetCurrentRange(drs.liFrom, drs.liTo); END_IF I cant understand really what the error message means and what can be the cause of the error? It compiles fine in dthe older codesys 3.5.19. If anyone has some experience of this please help us out? We must upgrade due to the new licenses. Thanks
Last updated: 2024-04-20

Post by fefefede on Get the numer of day ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello i tro to create a program to turn on or off the air condition in relationship temperature and numer of day. I can't get the number of day. I try this after installing SysTime library but this not work and have this error on debug ------ Build started: Application: Device.Sim.Device.Application ------- Typify code... Generate code... [ERROR] giorno_accensione_aria: PLC_PRG Device: PLC Logic: Application: C0032: Cannot convert type 'Unknown type: 'SysTimeCore(TRUE)'' to type 'TIME' [ERROR] giorno_accensione_aria: PLC_PRG Device: PLC Logic: Application: C0035: Program name, function or function block instance expected instead of 'SysTimeCore' [ERROR] giorno_accensione_aria: PLC_PRG Device: PLC Logic: Application: C0032: Cannot convert type 'Unknown type: 'DayOfWeek(CurrentTime)'' to type 'INT' [ERROR] giorno_accensione_aria: PLC_PRG Device: PLC Logic: Application: C0035: Program name, function or function block instance expected instead of 'DayOfWeek' [INFORMATION] giorno_accensione_aria: PLC_PRG Device: PLC Logic: Application: C0181: Related position Build complete -- 4 errors, 0 warnings : No download possible PROGRAM PLC_PRG VAR Temperatura: UDINT; AriaCondizionata: BOOL := FALSE; CurrentDayOfWeek: INT; //Variabile Giorno CurrentTime: TIME; GiornoDellaSettimana: INT; DayOfWeek: INT; END_VAR CurrentTime := SysTimeCore(TRUE); // Ottieni l'ora corrente CurrentDayOfWeek := DayOfWeek(CurrentTime); CASE GiornoDellaSettimana OF 1: // Azioni per Lunedì 2: // Martedì se più 10° accend altrimenti spegni IF Temperatura >= 10 THEN AriaCondizionata := TRUE; ELSE AriaCondizionata := FALSE; END_IF 3: // Mercoledì se più di 50° accendi altrimenti spegni IF Temperatura >=50 THEN AriaCondizionata := TRUE; ELSE AriaCondizionata := FALSE; END_IF 4: // Giovedì se più di 40° accendi altrimenti spegni IF Temperatura >=40 THEN AriaCondizionata := TRUE; ELSE AriaCondizionata := FALSE; END_IF 5: // Venerdì se più di 50° accendi altrimenti spegni IF Temperatura >=50 THEN AriaCondizionata := TRUE; ELSE AriaCondizionata := FALSE; END_IF 6: // Sabato se più di 25° accendi altrimenti spegni IF Temperatura >=25 THEN AriaCondizionata := TRUE; ELSE AriaCondizionata := FALSE; END_IF 7: // Domenica sempre spenta AriaCondizionata := FALSE; END_CASE
Last updated: 2023-09-14

Post by jami on Reading multiple lines from csv file ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello, i am trying to read multiple lines from csv file with caa file library and oscat. I have wrote 7 lines in the csv with separation '$R$L'. In my "extracting values" part I check line feeds and chars. After that I convert my buffer to string with oscat but I'm only able to read the first line from the csv. No matter if I even change start position where I start converting the buffer, I only get the first line. Here's my code for the reading and extracting value parts: 4: (*Reading the file*) fileread.hFile := filehandle; fileread.pBuffer := ADR(buffer); filesize1:=SIZEOF (buffer); fileread.szbuffer:=filesize1; fileread.udiTimeOut := 100000; fileread(xExecute := TRUE); IF fileRead.xDone THEN iFilesize:=TO_INT(fileread.szSize); writestate:=3; fileRead.xExecute := FALSE; END_IF 5: (*Extracting values*) //here i check the number of line feeds and chars. It works WHILE i < ifilesize DO c:=buffer[i]; IF c= 10 THEN IF lineindex<=99 THEN lineIndex := lineIndex + 1; END_IF ELSIF c <> 13 THEN IF charIndex <= 1000 THEN charIndex := charIndex + 1; END_IF END_IF i := i + 1; END_WHILE // Here i convert the buffer to string and transfer it to filelines:ARRAY[0..99] of string[254]. trig(CLK:=BUTTON); IF trig.Q THEN fileLines[i2]:=oscat_basic.BUFFER_TO_STRING(PT:=ADR(buffer), Size:=TO_UINT(fileread.szBuffer), start:=TO_UINT(bufferStart), stop:=TO_UINT(filesize1)); i2:=i2+1; bufferstart:=bufferstart+80; END_IF If anyone has idea how to read multiple lines, it would be nice. Even if you have example codes that work, that would help a lot.
Last updated: 2025-07-18

Post by toby on Ethercat Servo Setup ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi Everyone, I have a simple project with a single servo, but its my first time using Codesys and motion, so I'm a little confused and lost, I've tried to read the tutorial online, but I'm not having much luck sorry. Can I please ask for some pointers. I have a ComfilePi HMI (Raspberry Pi) communicating to a Omron R88D-1SN08H-ECT amplifier. Please see the attached project file (which is better for sharing, the project file, or a archive?). This file was simply for testing the motion of the servo before anything else is tested with it. The project simply rotates the servo 1 rotation when called for, but the speed can vary based on user input. Nothing much fancy. As yet, I haven't had any servo movement, no errors on the amplifier display. How do I link the motion FBs to the physical drive? Thank you very much for any help you can offer. I'm sorry if I'm doing something very stupid or basic and getting it wrong. Have a good day. Toby
Last updated: 2023-09-20

Post by dogulas on OPC UA C# client connecting to OPC UA CODESYS server ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Noob alert! I’m just getting my feet wet with CODESYS. I have a “Hello World” project in the CODESYS IDE. I’m using the Win SoftPLC on the same computer. I’ve added a Communication Manager under the Application node. Under that is “OPC UA Server -> IEC Symbol Publishing 01”. I also added “OPC_UA_Symbols -> Information Model”. I’m not sure I need the second thing. I was grasping at straws. I also set up several dummy symbols in the IEC Symbol Publishing 01 node. In my C# application, I am trying to get an instance of EndpointDescription from CoreClientUtils.SelectEndpoint(“opc.tcp://localhost:1217/Gateway-1”, useSecurity: false, 15000). I wasn’t sure about the “Gateway-1”. I found that in the CODESYS IDE under the project -> Communication Settings. When I execute the previous method call in C#, I get: “BadSecureChannelClosed”. I have no idea what that means. Any pointers to documentation are welcome.
Last updated: 2024-08-16

Post by julianramirez on ModbusFB write update ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello everyone, I am testing the ModbusFB library tcp server and so far I am able to create holding registers successfully, however, I am trying to identify after each write which registers got updated (i.e. function code, write value). I can even see the var udiNumWriteRequests, which increases with every write. I noticed that there is logging with the LogStatusInfo method. After I call it I am able to read in the console stuff that I want. Nevertheless, this is only available at the logs and is not easy to decode because it consists on several messages, I would like to know if there is a way for me to retrieve this information from the function itself with pointers or if there is any way to copy the logs messages (assuming that I can filter them with the LoggingOptions to only show what I need) inside the runtime code and not in the console. Thanks for your help :)
Last updated: 2024-09-16

Post by dogulas on OPC UA C# client connecting to OPC UA CODESYS server ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Ok, I have a simple test environment. From C#, using OPC UA, I can read DINTs, write DINTs, read Structs, but when I try to write a struct I get BadNotWritable. I am using Communication Manager, OPC UA Server, and IEC Symbol Publishing. I have a struct defined with one single DINT in it. The instance of the struct is in GVL. The struct is marked read/write in IEC Symbol Publishing. Any ideas? Pointers are welcome. public static async Task WriteStructA(byte[] structAData) { if (_session == null) throw new Exception("session is null"); // create a RequestHeader RequestHeader requestHeader = new RequestHeader { Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow, TimeoutHint = 30000 // timeout in milliseconds }; // create an ExtensionObject to wrap the value to be written ExtensionObject extensionObject = new ExtensionObject( new ExpandedNodeId("GVL_StructA", 5), structAData ); // create a WriteValue object to hold the value to be written WriteValue writeValue = new WriteValue { NodeId = _structANodeId, AttributeId = Attributes.Value, Value = new DataValue(extensionObject) }; // put the WriteValue object into a WriteValueCollection object WriteValueCollection writeValueCollection = new WriteValueCollection() { writeValue }; // perform the write operation asynchronously WriteResponse writeResponse = await _session.WriteAsync( requestHeader, writeValueCollection, CancellationToken.None ); // check the result of the write operation if (writeResponse.Results[0] != StatusCodes.Good) throw new Exception("Write failed: " + writeResponse.Results[0]); }
Last updated: 2024-12-17

Post by pouyavakili on Execute Codesys Tests with python ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Thank you for your input! What I'm ultimately trying to achieve is automated test execution as part of a CI/CD pipeline (e.g. in GitLab or Azure DevOps). For this, I need to: Open a CODESYS project via script Build the project Run the Test Manager tests from a .TestRepository.xml Collect test results (e.g., pass/fail + a report) Exit with a proper return code (for pipeline success/failure) To integrate this into automation, I’m using the CODESYS scripting engine via Python (headless), but the issue is that the get_testmanager() function isn't available on the project object — even though Test Manager is installed, licensed, and works interactively in the IDE. Are you suggesting that I should: Use the Test Manager GUI to script the logic with its internal scripting language? Or is there a way to launch the Test Manager in headless/scripted mode, while still being able to control things via Python? If there's a supported way to automate tests with the Test Manager using scripting, especially from pipelines or headless environments, I’d really appreciate any pointers or example workflows. Thanks again!
Last updated: 2025-07-24

Post by alexgooi on Modbus writing on value change ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi Duvan, You could make this in 1 single object (FB), Indeed don't use a function for this beacuse you need some memory to keep the old value. For i := 0 TO 200 BY 1 DO //Check if the value has been changed IF Old_Value[i] <> Value[i] THEN //Set the trigger to TRUE Trigger[i] := TRUE; Old_Value[i] := Value[i]; END_IF END_FOR If you define the Value array as an In_Out and the Trigger as an In_Out you arn't claiming any aditional memory to your system. You ofcourse then need to add some code arround it that does something with the trigger and writes it back to FALSE again. If you want more flexability you also could use pointers instead of using the IN_OUT FOR i := 0 TO 200 BY 1 DO address := address_Input + i * SIZEOF(*Put type here); IF Address^ <> Old_Value[i] THEN Trigger[i] := TRUE; Old_Value[i] := Address^; END_IF END_FOR
Last updated: 2024-04-02

Post by mxj262 on FB having single input but initialized with Array ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
I am adding elements of an ARRAY using pointer to access each element inside a FOR loop and the FOR loop does not stop! What is the right way to use pointers in such case?? I have another loop that is not using pointer and it stops but the loop using pointer keep on adding. METHOD FB_Init: BOOL VAR_INPUT bInitRetains: BOOL; // TRUE: the retain variables are initialized (reset warm / reset cold) bInCopyCode: BOOL; // TRUE: the instance will be copied to the copy code afterward (online change) END_VAR VAR_IN_OUT // basically REFERENCE TO window_buffer: ARRAY [*] OF INT; // array of any size END_VAR THIS^.windowPtr := ADR(window_buffer[0]); THIS^.windowSize := UPPER_BOUND(window_buffer, 1) - LOWER_BOUND(window_buffer, 1) + 1; FUNCTION_BLOCK FB500 VAR_INPUT END_VAR VAR_OUTPUT END_VAR VAR windowPtr: POINTER TO INT; windowSize: DINT; currentIndex: UINT; element1:INT; element2:INT; i:INT; j:INT; sum:DINT:=0; END_VAR element1:=windowPtr[0]; // read the first element of the Array dynamic memorry element2:=windowPtr[1]; FOR i:=0 TO (TO_INT(windowSize-1)) BY 1 DO // this loop does not stop Sum:=sum + windowPtr[i]; END_FOR FOR j:=0 TO 5 BY 1 DO // this loop stops j:=j+1; END_FOR https://ibb.co/k3DhkZT
Last updated: 2024-05-06

Post by struccc on Inheritence of struct, ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Strangely reminds me to my struggles... Want to do something "Elegant", reusable, universal, practical... In CODESYS??? 🙃 First of all, before you get too deep into this: If you could find a way, to make a "universal" log entry object, containing the variable length data itself, you wouldn't be able to store them in an array, or access them like an array, or pass them by value as a type. (please correct me, if I'm wrong, incorrect, or not precise). Because... Basically you can't declare a type with variable memory footprint. This is a very deeply embedded characteristic of CODESYS, and all IEC 61131-3 systems, and it has many reasons behind. And yes, it is a very common trap / mistake, to forget about. So, with a log entry - I guess - it's pretty much the purpose: store data and metadata together, and then handle it in a uniform way. There are ways to handle this, really depends on what is the purpose. For example: 1. Entries with fixed length (Maybe it is not as evil as it looks for the first time. Depends on the situation, but definitely the fastest and easiest code) You can have your base object, with an internal, fixed length string or byte array variable. I would go with a string, and call it _Data.; And then you can make properties, like As_Bool, As_Int, As_Real... In the 'set' accessors, you can do like: pReal := ADR(_Data); // POINTER TO REAL As_Real := pReal^; In the 'get' accessors, evidently: pReal := ADR(_Data); // POINTER TO REAL pReal^ := AS_Real; Or, can use ANY type, if you are not obsessed with variable / property like access: 2. Fixed length, but nicer First, some disadvantage to any values: - You can only assign values with write access. No literals, constants, etc... - Can only be used as input variable of function or function_block - Therefore, stg you could reach: LogEntry.Initialize (stVariable|rVariable|iVariable|xVariable); Just a quick example (it's funny to play with ANY): Be careful it was not tested. I'm sure can be done better, please feel free to comment FUNCTION_BLOCK FB_LogEntry VAR_INPUT MsgClass : UDINT; // Like DEBUG, WARN, ERR... MsgCode : UDINT; // Like Errors.ERR_FAILED MsgTS : DT; // The timestamp END_VAR VAR _Data : STRING(80); // Our data container... _Descr : __SYSTEM.AnyType; // A standard descriptor for our data, containing TYPE_CLASS, address and size END_VAR METHOD SET_Value : BOOL VAR_INPUT anyValue : ANY; END_VAR VAR I : DINT; diSize : DINT; pStr : POINTER TO STRING; END_VAR // Check what did we receive in anyValue. diSize := anyValue.diSize; // We use constant __SYSTEM.TYPE_CLASS to identify the received data type CASE anyValue.TypeClass OF // Maybe we don't want to store references, pointers... and who knows what else... __SYSTEM.TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_REFERENCE, __SYSTEM.TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_POINTER : SET_Value := FALSE; // For the planned types we will be just fine. TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_BOOL, TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_INT, TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_REAL : SET_Value := TRUE; // Optionally string can be handled separately, maybe we have received STRING(255), but practically it is shorter than 80 bytes... TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_STRING : pStr := anyValue.pValue; diSize := MIN(anyValue.diSize, LEN(pStr^) + 1); // Get the actual size, and rewrite the received structure member diSize := MIN(SIZEOF(_Data), diSize); // Can chop down the received string to our length... SET_Value := TRUE; // Maybe want to play a little bit more here, to narrow down or convert datatypes, etc... // Or just reject any other datatype ELSE SET_Value := FALSE; RETURN; END_CASE // Fail, if the received value is still larger than our container... IF diSize > SIZEOF(_Data) THEN SET_Value := FALSE; END_IF // Here we should be ok, just set up the _DataType structure, and copy store the data IF SET_Value THEN THIS^._Descr.TypeClass := anyValue.TypeClass; // The typeclass is already filtered THIS^._Descr.diSize := diSize; // Set the (adjusted) size THIS^._Descr.pValue := ADR(_Data); // This will not change, just to be sure {IF defined (pou:SysMem.SysMemCpy)} SysMem.SysMemCpy(_DataType.pValue, anyValue.pValue, TO_UDINT(anyValue.diSize)); {ELSE} // An ugly replacement MemCpy FOR I:=0 TO diSize - 1 DO _Descr.pValue[I] := anyValue.pValue[i]; END_FOR {END_IF} // Otherwise, in case of failure maybe better set an empty value (overwrite the former data descriptor) ELSE THIS^._Descr.TypeClass := TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_NONE; THIS^._Descr.pValue := ADR(_Data); THIS^._Descr.diSize := 0; END_IF METHOD GET_Value : BOOL VAR_INPUT anyValue : ANY; END_VAR VAR I : DINT; END_VAR // We just have to serve the data, using the __System.AnyType structure received // Roughly we can say: IF anyValue.TypeClass = _Descr.TypeClass AND anyValue.pValue <> 0 // This should not be possible, already taken care of by Codesys (?) THEN {IF defined (pou:SysMem.SysMemCpy)} SysMem.SysMemCpy(anyValue.pValue, _DataType.pValue, TO_UDINT(MIN(anyValue.diSize, _Descr.diSize))); {ELSE} // An ugly replacement MemCpy FOR I:=0 TO MIN(anyValue.diSize -1, _Descr.diSize - 1) DO anyValue.pValue[I] := _Descr.pValue[I]; END_FOR {END_IF} // Just to make sure, that our string is terminated... IF anyValue.TypeClass = TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_STRING THEN anyValue.pValue[anyValue.diSize -1] := 0; END_IF GET_Value := TRUE; RETURN; END_IF // ... But can play more CASE anyValue.TypeClass OF TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_WSTRING : ; // Could do conversion TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_XSTRING : ; // Wow, I have to figure this out TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_PARAMS : ; // BTW, what is this, how to use? TYPE_CLASS.TYPE_ANYNUM : ; // ... END_CASE Be careful it was not tested. I'm sure can be done better, please feel free to comment 3. If you really want to do entries with variable size In a standard environment, it would be similar to the previous, except you dont have the container variable _Data, just use a pointer, practically _Descr.pValue At Initialize (SET_Value), you have to allocate the memory, would be easy with SysMem.SysMemAlloc - nowadays with SysMem.SysMemAllocData -, and you make sure to release it after use with SysMem.SysMemFreeData... SysMemAlloc was already hidden. The problem with this, that sooner or later your application will totally fragment the dynamic memory, and fail... So should look for some form of dynMaybe MemUtils.MemoryManager (I am not sure what is the status and the future of it). 4. You will end up by a LogEntry Factory ... 5. You could still have a look at this IEC Snippets BTW, Standard Codesys Logger is not a bad choice either. If you are really interested, I share some more code / library.
Last updated: 2025-03-09

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