CODESYS Forge - CODESYS Forge / Talk / Search

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> (Page 4 of 7)

Post by siggi95 on Übersetzungsfehler J1939 changeAdress (4.1.0.0) ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hallo zusammen, für den Aufruf VAR deviceDiag: J1939.IJ1939LocalECU; END_VAR deviceDiag.ChangeAddress(5); gibt es mit der Version 4.1.0.0 der Lib IoDrvJ1939 Übersetzungsfehler - C0035: Programmname, Funktion oder Funktionsbausteinstanz an Stelle von 'deviceDiag.ChangeAddress' erwartet - C0004: 'ChangeAddress' ist keine Komponente von 'IJ1939LocalECU__Union' Mit der bisher verwendeten Lib-version 3.5.17.0 nicht und auch das Setzen der device adress hat funktioniert. Lt. Release notes ("J1939: ChangeAddress method does not work properly.") wurde hier verbessert. Leider habe ich keine Beschbreibung dazu gefunden. Wie muss der Aufruf angepasst werden? Vieeln Dank und beste Grüße Siggi
Last updated: 2023-11-29

Post by voffi on Converting UINT into bytes and converting 2Bytes into UINT ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
There are some ways. One is to use SHR and SHL and it depends on your byte order in the data array. For Motorola byte order: PROGRAM PLC_PRG VAR u : UINT; byte_array_in : ARRAY [1..8] OF BYTE := [16#11, 16#12, 16#13, 16#14, 16#15, 16#16, 16#17]; byte_array_out : ARRAY [1..8] OF BYTE; END_VAR u := SHL(TO_UINT(byte_array_in[2]), 8) + TO_UINT(byte_array_in[1]); byte_array_out[1] := TO_BYTE(u); byte_array_out[2] := TO_BYTE(SHR(u, 8)); If it's Intel byte order just change 1 and 2 in the array indexes.
Last updated: 2023-12-07

Post by nz-dave on Bool turning on in case stament in wrong state? ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
I have a case statement running a process. during one of the steps it has started calling a bool var that is 2 steps further on in the case? i have even tried //commenting it out but it still turns on at the same point in the case. i have also run a trace but cant see anything that would trigger it. Any Ideas? Cheers
Last updated: 2023-12-15

Post by rodberna on Library for arrays ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi, I'm creating a program where I need to handle arrays, like: - Declare lenght variable arrays - [array(1..var) of "sometype"]. This is not possible in pure codesys, right? - Know array lenght, min, max, avg values in runtime - append/delete itens in an array - and so on Is there a library know for this in codesys. Is it possible to build our own libraries using some high level language like python or java script?
Last updated: 2024-01-10

Post by wehling-h on PI Input value ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi geoweil, have you tried to save changed values to remanent area or using a VAR RETAIN? After restart you have to initialize Counter with last remanent value. Depending on changes per cycle and the possibilitiy of your control unit to write remanent storage. Otherwise you need a buffering system to ensure save backup of last PI_Counter value. May you could read this Thread to get further help: https://forge.codesys.com/forge/talk/Engineering/thread/31e1c8349e/#bf48
Last updated: 2024-01-12

Post by wiresplus on INT_TO_WORD function not working ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hello, I need to take an INT input, and convert it to a WORD value. VAR DRV2Speed : WORD; //IO card takes a WORD where 16000 = full 10V output (equivalent to 50Hz) PumpFillSpeed : INT; //Users enter a value between 0 and 50 END_VAR IF <conditions> THEN DRV2Speed :=INT_TO_WORD((PumpFillSpeed/50)*16000); END_IF </conditions> According to me this should work - but it stays at 0, no matter what. What am I doing wrong?
Last updated: 2024-01-26

Post by rpostwvu on Shared Memory Access Issues ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
I got the shared memory example. I'm pretty sure I'm successfully created a memory space, CreateResult returns 18. szName:='CodesysDataShare'; hShm := SysSharedMemoryCreate(szName, 0, ADR(uxiSize), ADR(CreateResult)); I'm trying to access this memory with a C# application, but I get "Unable to Find Specified File". I suspect that Codesys and/or Visual Studio code alters the name I choose? Being in Windows, I cant find a way to see the mapped memory list. ~~~ using (var mmfRead = MemoryMappedFile.OpenExisting("CodesysDataShare",MemoryMappedFileRights.ReadWrite)) ~~~
Last updated: 2024-01-29

Post by richard-wang on Codesys recipe manager - what does it do? ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi All Thanks for sharing this information. For whom may not know why always get error code 16#4000 or 16#4002 while performing Recipe commands, the root cause is There is a line need to be inserted in CODESYSControl.cfg file, which is PlaceholderFilePath.1=/var/opt/codesys/PlcLogic/ I am using Pi, therefore the above path is set to my pi unit, after adding above line to my cfg file, all the Recipe commands work fine. But I still do not know how and when this file got modified though.
Last updated: 2024-04-29

Post by fless on FB having single input but initialized with Array ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Why will it retain the sum value from the last call? This is how PLC work. Usually variables only get initialized after a download or a reset (i.e. power loss). RETAIN variables are saved in a special kind of RAM and keep their value after a power loss. To initialize variables on every call of your FB use the VAR TEMP block. VAR_TEMP sum : INT; END_VAR
Last updated: 2024-05-07

Post by paro on send appliaction files to wago plc (codesys 3.5) via ssh ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi, it is enough to copy the files to /home/codesys/PlcLogic/Application and adding the lines [CmpApp] Application.1=Application to the eRUNTIME.cfg, if your Application in your program is also called "Application". Reboot -> Bootapp should be loaded. If not please check the log /var/log/runtime.log There should be a line which explains why the bootproject is not loaded.
Last updated: 2024-05-29

Post by talhaali on Create an alarm list without use of Alarm config ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi, I am trying to access active alarms in code(As alarm count variable updates only when we go to to alarm table frame in visualization). I wrote following code but it is not working: VAR iCountActiveAlarms : INT; parritfActiveAlarms : POINTER TO ARRAY[0..0] OF IAlarm; itfAlarmManagerClientAll : IAlarmManagerClient; END_VAR AlarmManager.g_AlarmHandler.GetActiveAlarms( itfAlarmManagerClient :=itfAlarmManagerClientAll, iCountActiveAlarms => iCountActiveAlarms, parritfActiveAlarms => parritfActiveAlarms); The Value is always 0. Please help.
Last updated: 2024-06-06

Post by rafael on Access to user group IDs ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hello, I'm trying to access the group IDs of the connected user. "CurrentUserGroupId" var shows only the first group ID that the user is assigned, I need the other group IDs that the user is in. I find some structs but I can't find where they are used, like "VUM_User" scruct from visuusermgmt, where can I find this vars? https://content.helpme-codesys.com/en/libs/VisuUserMgmt2%20Interfaces/Current/VUM_User.html abyUserGroupIDs seens perfect but I can't find a GVL where it is used.
Last updated: 2024-07-08

Post by szotyi on Array of Program ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi! What is the proper and the easiest way to call programs through looping of array of programs, or pointer of program? instead of calling the programs one by one: prog1(inputX: 11); prog2(inputY: 12); prog3(inputZ: 13); similar like: VAR programsToCall : ARRAY [1..3] OF PROGRAM; END_VAR programsToCall[1] := prog1(inputX: 11); programsToCall[2] := prog2(inputY: 12); programsToCall[3] := prog3(inputZ: 13); FOR i := 1 TO 3 DO programsToCall[i] (); END_FOR Thanks.
Last updated: 2024-08-28

Post by andrebrandt on FB string and naming ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi all. I have a FB written in ST. FUNCTION_BLOCK NTC10k VAR_INPUT Syst:STRING; In:REAL; END_VAR VAR_OUTPUT Out:REAL; OTag:STRING; Out_St:Struct_NTC10K; END_VAR VAR Tag:STRING; InstanceName: STRING; Structure:Struct_NTC10K; END_VAR What i'm trying to do, is to pass data to structure. In structure i want to add a tag with systemnumber and sensorname. '320.001-RT401' In pou i use this RT401: NTC10k;, and tried this RT401: NTC10k(Tag:='RT401'); Anyone done this?
Last updated: 2024-09-26

Post by otbeka on CmpCrypto CryptoGenerateHash Not Outputting ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi, I have been trying to use CryptoGenerateHash from the CmpCrypto Implementation library. My code is taken almost directly from the CryptoDemo.project example provided on Codesys Forge, yet the CryptoGenerateHash function does not write to the address listed in pHash. RTS_IEC_RESULT is OK, but I am getting nothing out of the function. No errors either, all my libraries are up to date. Any help would be appreicated! PROGRAM PLC_PRG VAR sMessage : MESSAGE := 'The red fox runs across the ice'; abyHashCode : HASH_CODE := [ 16#52, 16#ED, 16#87, 16#9E, 16#70, 16#F7, 16#1D, 16#92, 16#6E, 16#B6, 16#95, 16#70, 16#08, 16#E0, 16#3C, 16#E4, 16#CA, 16#69, 16#45, 16#D3 ]; xMessageOK : BOOL; END_VAR xMessageOK := CheckMessage(sMessage, abyHashCode); FUNCTION CheckMessage : BOOL VAR_INPUT sMessage : REFERENCE TO MESSAGE; abyHashCode : REFERENCE TO HASH_CODE; END_VAR VAR _hHASH : RTS_IEC_HANDLE := CryptoGetAlgorithmById(ui32CryptoID:=RtsCryptoID.HASH_SHA1, pResult:=0); Result : RTS_IEC_RESULT; bsMessage : RtsByteString := (ui32MaxLen:=SIZEOF(sMessage), pByData:=ADR(sMessage), ui32Len:=TO_UDINT(LEN(sMessage))); abyNewHashCode : HASH_CODE; bsNewHashCode : RtsByteString := (ui32MaxLen:=SIZEOF(abyNewHashCode), pByData:=ADR(abyNewHashCode)); diCmpResult : DINT; END_VAR Result := CryptoGenerateHash(hAlgo:=_hHASH, pData:=ADR(bsMessage), pHash:=ADR(bsNewHashCode)); diCmpResult := SysMemCmp(pBuffer1:=ADR(abyHashCode), pBuffer2:=ADR(abyNewHashCode), udiCount:=SIZEOF(HASH_CODE)); CheckMessage := diCmpResult = 0;
Last updated: 2024-09-06

Post by salvadegianluca on List files in a directory with SysDiropen And SysDirRead ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Good morning; I'm facing an issue that seems being caused by the library itself. I'm trying to create the list of all the files that are stored inside a psecific directory. Unluckily the first file is allways hidden. VAR CONSTANT arysEmptyArray:ARRAY[iArrayMinDimension..iArrayMAXDimension] OF STRING := [(iArrayMAXDimension - iArrayMinDimension)('')]; iArrayMinDimension:INT := 1; iArrayMAXDimension:INT := 99; END_VAR VAR_INPUT sDirectoryToInspect:STRING; sSearchFilter:STRING; END_VAR VAR_IN_OUT xCheckFileInsideDirectory:BOOL; END_VAR VAR arysListOfFoundFiles:ARRAY[iArrayMinDimension..iArrayMAXDimension] OF STRING; sNullString:STRING; iNullIndex:INT := 0; libInfoAboutThePath:DirInfo; libResultOfThePathMonitoring:CmpErrors.RTS_IEC_RESULT; libInstanceToMonitorThePath:CmpErrors.RTS_IEC_HANDLE; sEntityToSearch:STRING; dMaxEntityDimension:DINT := SIZEOF(sEntityToSearch); libFileInfo:DirInfo; sFilteredFileName:STRING; iIndexToScrollArrays:INT; END_VAR IF xCheckFileInsideDirectory THEN arysListOfFoundFiles:=arysEmptyArray; iIndexToScrollArrays:=iArrayMinDimension; libInstanceToMonitorThePath:= SysDirOpen(szDir:= sDirectoryToInspect,szDirEntry:=sNullString,diMaxDirEntry:= iNullIndex,pDirInfo:= ADR(libInfoAboutThePath),pResult:= ADR(libResultOfThePathMonitoring)); WHILE libResultOfThePathMonitoring = Errors.ERR_OK AND iIndexToScrollArrays <= iArrayMAXDimension DO sEntityToSearch:= ''; libResultOfThePathMonitoring:=SysDirRead(hDir:=libInstanceToMonitorThePath,szDirEntry:=sEntityToSearch,diMaxDirEntry:=dMaxEntityDimension,pDirInfo:=ADR(libFileInfo)); sFilteredFileName:= FUN_06_00_FindItemInString_0(sFilter:=sSearchFilter,sSource:=sEntityToSearch); IF sFilteredFileName <> '' THEN arysListOfFoundFiles[iIndexToScrollArrays]:=sFilteredFileName; iIndexToScrollArrays:=iIndexToScrollArrays + 1; END_IF IF libResultOfThePathMonitoring <> Errors.ERR_OK THEN libResultOfThePathMonitoring:= Errors.ERR_OK; END_IF END_WHILE libResultOfThePathMonitoring:=SysDirClose(hDir:= libInstanceToMonitorThePath); xCheckFileInsideDirectory:=FALSE; END_IF How is possible to solve this issue? Any known work around?
Last updated: 2024-09-17

Post by ihatemaryfisher on Sorting array of any-sized structure ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
In my machine's operation, I need to display multiples tables containing arrays of structured variables. The arrays change during operation, and my supervisor has advised me to write a new bubble-sort for each array. I think I can make a function to sort an array of any data type. This was my own project, and I'm a relatively new coder. I want to know the weaknesses in my approach, and a better method, if one exists. As far as I can test, the function accepts an array of a structured variable of any size, and sort it by any VAR in that structure. But it relies heavily on pointers, which I've heard are bad practice? Function call: // SORT BY BYTE-SIZED VAR IF xDoIt[6] THEN FUNBubbleSortSansBuffer( IN_pbySourcePointer := ADR(astArray[1]), // address of first byte in first element of array IN_pbyComparePointer:= ADR(astArray[1].byCompByte), // points to first byte of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) IN_uiStructureSize := SIZEOF(TYPE_STRUCTURE), // size, in bytes, of the structured variable IN_uiCompareSize := SIZEOF(astArray[1].byCompByte), // size, in bytes, of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) diArrayElements := UPPER_BOUND(astArray,1), // number of elements in array IN_xSmallToLarge := xSortOrder // whether to sort by small2large or large2small ); END_IF Function: FUNCTION FUNBubbleSortSansBuffer : BOOL VAR_INPUT IN_pbySourcePointer : POINTER TO BYTE; // points to beginning of array (first byte of first element) IN_pbyComparePointer: POINTER TO BYTE; // points to first byte of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) IN_uiStructureSize : UINT; // size, in bytes, of the structured variable IN_uiCompareSize : UINT; // size, in bytes, of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) diArrayElements : DINT; // number of elements in array IN_xSmallToLarge : BOOL; // whether to sort by small2large or large2small END_VAR VAR j : DINT; // repeat iteration over array until array ends i : DINT; // iterarte over array, swapping when necesary k : DINT; // iterator from 1 to size of structure (stepping 'through' a single element in array) dwSize : DWORD; // internal var for use in MEMUtils.MemCpy(<size>) // FOR SORTING BY BYTE VAR pbySourcePointer : POINTER TO BYTE; pbySourcePointer2 : POINTER TO BYTE; pbyComparePointer : POINTER TO BYTE; pbyComparePointer2 : POINTER TO BYTE; pbyPointerToBuffer : POINTER TO BYTE; // pointer to single byte buffer byBufferByte : BYTE; // single byte buffer END_VAR dwSize := UINT_TO_DWORD(IN_uiStructureSize); // get structure size (number of bytes) pbyPointerToBuffer := ADR(byBufferByte); // assign pointer to address of buffer byte (because MEMUtils.MemCpy requires a pointer input) CASE IN_uiCompareSize OF // depending on the size of the VAR to sort by (current functionality for BYTE and WORD/INT 1: // BYTE (8 BIT) FOR j := 1 TO diArrayElements DO // for number of elements in array FOR i := 1 TO (diArrayElements-1) DO // same thing, but row[i+1] row is included in swap logic pbySourcePointer := IN_pbySourcePointer + dwSize*(i-1); // point at #1 byte in array element[i] pbySourcePointer2 := pbySourcePointer + dwSize; // point at #1 byte in array element[i+1] // NOTE: because of memory locations, each array element is offset from one another by a number of bytes equal to the size of the structure // We can "walk" from array[i] to array[i+1] via steps equal to the size of the structure // e.g., ADR(array[i+1]) == ADR(array[i]) + SIZEOF([array datatype]) pbyComparePointer := IN_pbyComparePointer + dwSize*(i-1); // point to sorting variable in array element[i] pbyComparePointer2 := pbyComparePointer + dwSize; // point to sorting variable in array element[i+1] // using sort order (small -> large/large -> small) IF SEL(IN_xSmallToLarge, (pbyComparePointer2^ > pbyComparePointer^),(pbyComparePointer2^ < pbyComparePointer^)) THEN // This is where it gets tricky. We've identified pointers for the starting bytes of aArray[i] and aArray[i+1] // and we know the size of aArray[i]. We are going to swap individual bytes, one at a time, from aArray[i] and aArray[i+1] // this allows us to use only a single byte var as a buffer or temporary data storage // e.g., consider a structure consisting of a word, a byte, and a string. it is stored like this // |------WORD-------| |--BYTE-| |STRING------...| // astArray[1] == 1000 0100 0010 0001 1100 0011 1010 1010.... etc // astArray[2] == 0001 0010 0100 1000 0011 1100 0101 0101.... etc // performing a single swap (copy into a buffer, etc.) of the first byte of each array element creates this // astArray[1] == 0001 0100 0010 0001 1100 0011 1010 1010.... etc // astArray[2] == 1000 0010 0100 1000 0011 1100 0101 0101.... etc // incrementing the pointer adresses for the swap by 1 and swapping again swaps the next byte in each array element // astArray[1] == 0001 0010 0010 0001 1100 0011 1010 1010.... etc // astArray[2] == 1000 0100 0100 1000 0011 1100 0101 0101.... etc // continuing this from k to SIZEOF(TYPE_STRUCTURE) results in a toally swapped row FOR k := 1 TO IN_uiStructureSize DO // copy single byte[k] of array element 1 to buffer MEMUtils.MemCpy(pbyDest := (pbyPointerToBuffer), pbySrc := (pbySourcePointer+k-1), dwSize := 1); // copy single byte[k] of array element 2 to 1 MEMUtils.MemCpy(pbyDest := pbySourcePointer+k-1, pbySrc := (pbySourcePointer2+k-1), dwSize := 1); // copy buffer to byte[k] array element 2 MEMUtils.MemCpy(pbyDest := (pbySourcePointer2+k-1), pbySrc := pbyPointerToBuffer, dwSize := 1); END_FOR END_IF END_FOR END_FOR
Last updated: 2023-08-17

Post by ton on How to create a stopwatch? ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
One i wrote this to measure elepse time When xMeasure is true is starts en when false it stops and time is messured. FUNCTION_BLOCK FB_ElapseTime VAR_INPUT xMeasure: BOOL; END_VAR VAR_OUTPUT xRisingEdge: BOOL; xFallingEdge: BOOL; tElapsed: TIME; ltElapsed: LTIME; ltPrev_Elapsed: LTIME; ltElapsedMax: LTIME; END_VAR VAR xLastValue: BOOL; LTIMEStart: LTIME; LTIMEEnd: LTIME; tonReset: TON:= (IN:= TRUE, PT:= TIME#30S0MS); END_VAR ------------------------------------------- xRisingEdge:= (xLastValue XOR xMeasure) AND xMeasure; xFallingEdge:= (xLastValue XOR xMeasure) AND NOT xMeasure; IF xRisingEdge THEN ltPrev_Elapsed:= ltElapsed; LTIMEStart:= LTIME(); END_IF IF xMeasure OR xFallingEdge THEN LTIMEEnd:= LTIME(); END_IF ltElapsed:= LTIMEEnd - LTIMEStart; ltElapsedMax:= MAX(ltElapsedMax, ltElapsed); tElapsed:= LTIME_TO_TIME(ltElapsed); xLastValue:= xMeasure; tonReset(); IF tonReset.Q THEN tonReset.IN:= FALSE; ltElapsedMax:= LTIME#0NS; END_IF Meaby this will help.
Last updated: 2023-12-09

Post by kevinl on RevPi Connect RS485 ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
I figured this out on my own with this logic: usually the Serial port on a Raspberry pi is on /dev/ttyUSB0 then you need to set linux.DeviceFile=/dev/ttyUSB in codesys you then must set com port to 1 so i assumed codesys subtracts 1 from the number and adds this to the filename... (in code it would look like this: var comPort : byte := '1'; linuxDevice : string := '/dev/ttyUSB'; filename : string; end_var filename := concat(linuxDevice, (to_string(comPort-1)); filaname then is /dev/ttyUSB0 RevPi uses ttyRS485 as Serial port so you must remove the last number from the name and set the com port to this number +1 i hope this is understandable ;-)
Last updated: 2023-12-11

Post by struccc on Release SP20 - Changes in behaviour? ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Dear all, I've just started to migrate some of my ancient projects to SP20. There is one strange error (?) I have noticed so far. In a method call, depending on the circumstances I would like to return reference to an object, or an invalid reference: METHOD Add_EVT_OUT : REFERENCE TO FB_MSG VAR END_VAR IF __ISVALIDREF(refMSG_Entry) THEN Add_EVT_OUT REF= MANAGER.AddMsg_EVT_OUT( refMSG_Entry, _Get_EVT_Message(MSG_EVENT.OUT), _Get_EVT_AddCode(MSG_EVENT.OUT) )^; ELSE Add_EVT_OUT := 0; END_IF So far setting a reference variable to 0, did this. But now, the expression Add_EVT_OUT := 0; gives an error: [ERROR] DB_WTP_370: Add_EVT_ACK MSG_TRIGGER_EXT: C0032: Cannot convert type 'BIT' to type 'REFERENCE TO FB_MSG' Naturally... I can write: Add_EVT_OUT := DWORD#0; But is this the correct way? Is there any constant I could use instead, like "NULL"? Or this is totally wrong and to be avoided?
Last updated: 2024-03-24

Post by paro on Modbus Client Request Not Processed ^{CODESYS Forge} ^talk ^(Post)
Hi, works in my case if I increase the timeout! to_udint(t#100ms) -> 100 -> 100us.. FUNCTION_BLOCK MODBUS_master_example_ST VAR initDone : BOOL := FALSE; aIPAddress : ARRAY [0..3] OF BYTE := [127,0,0,1]; clientTcp: ModbusFB.ClientTcp; // buffer to read input registers aDataInputRegisters : ARRAY[0..9] OF UINT; // some client requests clientRequestReadInputRegisters: ModbusFB.ClientRequestReadInputRegisters; xExecute: BOOL; uistart: UINT := 100; udiTimeout1: UDINT; END_VAR IF NOT initDone THEN initDone := TRUE; // configure clientTcp clientTcp(aIPaddr:=aIPAddress, uiPort:=502, udiLogOptions := ModbusFB.LoggingOptions.All); // configure clientRequestReadInputRegisters clientRequestReadInputRegisters(rClient:=clientTcp, uiUnitId:=1, udiTimeout:=1000000); // 1sec END_IF // call the client FB's clientTcp(); clientRequestReadInputRegisters(rClient:=clientTcp,xExecute := xExecute AND NOT clientRequestReadInputRegisters.xBusy ,uiStartItem:=uistart, uiQuantity:=3, pData:=ADR(aDataInputRegisters[0]));
Last updated: 2024-05-30

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> (Page 4 of 7)

Sort by relevance or date

Forums

Help

Search talk: VAR

Forums

Help

Search talk: VAR

Searching