Post by ihatemaryfisher on Sorting array of any-sized structure ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
In my machine's operation, I need to display multiples tables containing arrays of structured variables. The arrays change during operation, and my supervisor has advised me to write a new bubble-sort for each array. I think I can make a function to sort an array of any data type. This was my own project, and I'm a relatively new coder. I want to know the weaknesses in my approach, and a better method, if one exists. As far as I can test, the function accepts an array of a structured variable of any size, and sort it by any VAR in that structure. But it relies heavily on pointers, which I've heard are bad practice? Function call: // SORT BY BYTE-SIZED VAR IF xDoIt[6] THEN FUNBubbleSortSansBuffer( IN_pbySourcePointer := ADR(astArray[1]), // address of first byte in first element of array IN_pbyComparePointer:= ADR(astArray[1].byCompByte), // points to first byte of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) IN_uiStructureSize := SIZEOF(TYPE_STRUCTURE), // size, in bytes, of the structured variable IN_uiCompareSize := SIZEOF(astArray[1].byCompByte), // size, in bytes, of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) diArrayElements := UPPER_BOUND(astArray,1), // number of elements in array IN_xSmallToLarge := xSortOrder // whether to sort by small2large or large2small ); END_IF Function: FUNCTION FUNBubbleSortSansBuffer : BOOL VAR_INPUT IN_pbySourcePointer : POINTER TO BYTE; // points to beginning of array (first byte of first element) IN_pbyComparePointer: POINTER TO BYTE; // points to first byte of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) IN_uiStructureSize : UINT; // size, in bytes, of the structured variable IN_uiCompareSize : UINT; // size, in bytes, of the comparing variable (variable you sort by) diArrayElements : DINT; // number of elements in array IN_xSmallToLarge : BOOL; // whether to sort by small2large or large2small END_VAR VAR j : DINT; // repeat iteration over array until array ends i : DINT; // iterarte over array, swapping when necesary k : DINT; // iterator from 1 to size of structure (stepping 'through' a single element in array) dwSize : DWORD; // internal var for use in MEMUtils.MemCpy(<size>) // FOR SORTING BY BYTE VAR pbySourcePointer : POINTER TO BYTE; pbySourcePointer2 : POINTER TO BYTE; pbyComparePointer : POINTER TO BYTE; pbyComparePointer2 : POINTER TO BYTE; pbyPointerToBuffer : POINTER TO BYTE; // pointer to single byte buffer byBufferByte : BYTE; // single byte buffer END_VAR dwSize := UINT_TO_DWORD(IN_uiStructureSize); // get structure size (number of bytes) pbyPointerToBuffer := ADR(byBufferByte); // assign pointer to address of buffer byte (because MEMUtils.MemCpy requires a pointer input) CASE IN_uiCompareSize OF // depending on the size of the VAR to sort by (current functionality for BYTE and WORD/INT 1: // BYTE (8 BIT) FOR j := 1 TO diArrayElements DO // for number of elements in array FOR i := 1 TO (diArrayElements-1) DO // same thing, but row[i+1] row is included in swap logic pbySourcePointer := IN_pbySourcePointer + dwSize*(i-1); // point at #1 byte in array element[i] pbySourcePointer2 := pbySourcePointer + dwSize; // point at #1 byte in array element[i+1] // NOTE: because of memory locations, each array element is offset from one another by a number of bytes equal to the size of the structure // We can "walk" from array[i] to array[i+1] via steps equal to the size of the structure // e.g., ADR(array[i+1]) == ADR(array[i]) + SIZEOF([array datatype]) pbyComparePointer := IN_pbyComparePointer + dwSize*(i-1); // point to sorting variable in array element[i] pbyComparePointer2 := pbyComparePointer + dwSize; // point to sorting variable in array element[i+1] // using sort order (small -> large/large -> small) IF SEL(IN_xSmallToLarge, (pbyComparePointer2^ > pbyComparePointer^),(pbyComparePointer2^ < pbyComparePointer^)) THEN // This is where it gets tricky. We've identified pointers for the starting bytes of aArray[i] and aArray[i+1] // and we know the size of aArray[i]. We are going to swap individual bytes, one at a time, from aArray[i] and aArray[i+1] // this allows us to use only a single byte var as a buffer or temporary data storage // e.g., consider a structure consisting of a word, a byte, and a string. it is stored like this // |------WORD-------| |--BYTE-| |STRING------...| // astArray[1] == 1000 0100 0010 0001 1100 0011 1010 1010.... etc // astArray[2] == 0001 0010 0100 1000 0011 1100 0101 0101.... etc // performing a single swap (copy into a buffer, etc.) of the first byte of each array element creates this // astArray[1] == 0001 0100 0010 0001 1100 0011 1010 1010.... etc // astArray[2] == 1000 0010 0100 1000 0011 1100 0101 0101.... etc // incrementing the pointer adresses for the swap by 1 and swapping again swaps the next byte in each array element // astArray[1] == 0001 0010 0010 0001 1100 0011 1010 1010.... etc // astArray[2] == 1000 0100 0100 1000 0011 1100 0101 0101.... etc // continuing this from k to SIZEOF(TYPE_STRUCTURE) results in a toally swapped row FOR k := 1 TO IN_uiStructureSize DO // copy single byte[k] of array element 1 to buffer MEMUtils.MemCpy(pbyDest := (pbyPointerToBuffer), pbySrc := (pbySourcePointer+k-1), dwSize := 1); // copy single byte[k] of array element 2 to 1 MEMUtils.MemCpy(pbyDest := pbySourcePointer+k-1, pbySrc := (pbySourcePointer2+k-1), dwSize := 1); // copy buffer to byte[k] array element 2 MEMUtils.MemCpy(pbyDest := (pbySourcePointer2+k-1), pbySrc := pbyPointerToBuffer, dwSize := 1); END_FOR END_IF END_FOR END_FOR
Last updated: 2023-08-17

Post by szotyi on Array of Program ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi! What is the proper and the easiest way to call programs through looping of array of programs, or pointer of program? instead of calling the programs one by one: prog1(inputX: 11); prog2(inputY: 12); prog3(inputZ: 13); similar like: VAR programsToCall : ARRAY [1..3] OF PROGRAM; END_VAR programsToCall[1] := prog1(inputX: 11); programsToCall[2] := prog2(inputY: 12); programsToCall[3] := prog3(inputZ: 13); FOR i := 1 TO 3 DO programsToCall[i] (); END_FOR Thanks.
Last updated: 2024-08-28

Post by garrian on How to write multiple coils (Modbus FC15) ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Thanks for your reply. I belive it is contiguous, I'm writing to adress 0 to 4. Or, do you mean something else? Well, something is happening. If I on the client set adress 1,2,3 to true, only 1 is set to true on the server side. On the client side, the data is array of word. But on the server side, the coils are array of bool. Holding register is array of word on server side. Can this be a problem? Attached screenshot of how it looks at the server side.
Last updated: 2024-11-17

Post by imdatatas on Problem of assigning physical addresses to variables of type ARRAY OF ARRAY as MW and QW ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello, I am encountering an interesting problem as below in SP20patch5 variable definition area. I think this is a bug. As can be seen in the attached screenshot, it assigns the same %MW or %QW address to all elements of the array. I hope Codesys team can solve this problem in the next version. Best regards, Imdat
Last updated: 2025-03-17

Post by wollvieh on Array of UDT Compare ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
use sysmemcmp. https://content.helpme-codesys.com/en/libs/SysMem23/Current/POUs/SysMemCmp.html
Last updated: 2024-04-08

Post by kislov on Table How to set row number from 1 ( not from 0) ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Use declaration with ARRRAY [1..x] instead of ARRAY [0..x]
Last updated: 2024-05-27

Post by bertrand-major on Cancelling a selection from a "combobox array" in Visu ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi Joanm, Did you get an answer from anybody in anather section ?
Last updated: 2024-07-17

Post by vladimirsmall on Send data to USB ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello/ Need send some file ( for example Array of string) to USB. Which library need used for this. Thank you
Last updated: 2024-07-20

Post by pilouuu on problem OPC UA array ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello, why can't I read the arrays on my PLC's UA OPC server with codesys, even though they are accessible from UA Expert?
Last updated: 2025-02-26

Post by pilouuu on problem OPC UA array ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello, why can't I read the arrays on my PLC's UA OPC server with codesys, even though they are accessible from UA Expert?
Last updated: 2025-02-26

Post by eaglealex on Length of string and Array of bytes ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hello! I have tried read a file to the string variable. But I faced a problem - there is about 2800 bytes of information in file, but string have a limit 2393 bytes. I made two variables with same address (for automatic convertion) - string[3000] and array of bytes[1..3000]. And I noticed that array of bytes contains all information from file, but string shows only first 2393 bytes. So I have lost information. Is there really such a limitation? Or I have an error in my program and Codesys 2.3 have no limit for such kind of conversation between string and array of bytes? Thank you very much!
Last updated: 2025-04-01

Post by tvm on Cannot pass array of constant size to a function as a reference ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
maybe this would be a better approach, then you don't have to pass the constant at all. FUNCTION fun : INT VAR_IN_OUT arr: ARRAY[*] OF INT; END_VAR VAR lower: DINT; upper: DINT; END_VAR lower:= LOWER_BOUND(arr, 1); upper:= UPPER_BOUND(arr, 1); see here as well https://help.codesys.com/api-content/2/codesys/3.5.12.0/en/_cds_datatype_array/
Last updated: 2024-01-08

Post by timvh on Limiting Memory Access of an Array to Within its Bounds ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Add the object "POU for Implicit Checks" to your application, then select "Bounds check". This will create a function which is automatically called each time an array is write accessed. In the function you can handle "out of bounds" situations. By default it will be limited to its lower or upper bound.
Last updated: 2024-03-06

Post by bjarne-pagaard on Multiple WebVisu ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
You can use the switch frame variable, but there should be a variable for each active visu user. You can put the switch frame variable in an array, and use CURRENTCLIENTID as index into the array to get what you want. The CURRENTCLIENTID is assigned to new users automagically by the Visu Management.
Last updated: 2024-03-14

Post by timvh on Configuring a 2's compliment ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
You could create a DUT of the Type Union and add an array of 2 bytes + an Int. Then write the byte values in the array of the Union and read the Int. Or VAR iInt : INT; byHigh : BYTE := 2#1111_1111; byLow : BYTE := 2#1111_1111; END_VAR iInt := TO_INT(byHigh*16#100 + byLow);
Last updated: 2024-09-28

Post by rafaelbrito on The element of type 'VisuFbElemImage' could not be updated. Reason: Index was outside the bounds of the array. ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
When trying to use the Visualization ToolBox, no objects appear and the following error appears. Could you tell me what this error could be? The element of type 'VisuFbElemImage' could not be updated. Reason: Index was outside the bounds of the array. Can anyone tell me what this error is?
Last updated: 2024-12-03

Post by timvh on STRING conversions to DWORD ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
I guess that the printer expects to receive an array of byte values. So where it is described that it expects to receive: Hercules String : 1B4F513030311B7532626C61636B04 it actually expects to receive an array of bytes with the values 1B,4F,51,30,30, etc. So what you can do is create an array of bytes and assign the byte value to each item in the array: VAR abyToSend : ARRAY[0..99] OF BYTE; END_VAR abyToSend[0] := 16#1B; // ASCII Escape character, hexadecimal representation uses 16# as prefix abyToSend[1] := 16#4F; // ASCII 'O' abyToSend[2] := 16#51; // ASCII 'Q' abyToSend[3] := 16#30; // ASCII '0' // you can do the rest yourself // maybe could be created a lot smarter, but gives you an indication how to handle this. Then with the serial communication (or TCP/IP?) you can send a message with the reference to the array (abyToSend) and the number of bytes to send (15 bytes for the string you gave as example).
Last updated: 2025-02-02

Post by laurits on Max lines of code, codesys CNC ? ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
Hi, okay here's the project, it's a modified version of "CNC Example 10: Programming Dynamic CNC Paths", no need for G Code text file (i have also tried with G code text file, same problem) in "PROGRAM PLC_PRG" you can set bStart to true, and the program should start running, go to "PROGRAM CNC" and you can see axis moving. lrXpos := IoConfig_Globals.XAixs.fSetPosition; lrYpos := IoConfig_Globals.YAxis.fSetPosition; Now you can can change the number of movements in the the "PROGRAM PLC_PRG" From this number of movements in "program PLC_PRG" BUF : ARRAY[0..32010] OF SMC_GEOINFO; xp : ARRAY[1..32000] OF REAL; yp : ARRAY[1..32000] OF REAL; to this number to this number of movements BUF : ARRAY[0..132010] OF SMC_GEOINFO; xp : ARRAY[1..132000] OF REAL; yp : ARRAY[1..132000] OF REAL; Now if you start the program again you should see an error in the "sMC_Interpolator: SM3_CNC.SMC_Interpolator;" function block Let me know if you can not get it running.
Last updated: 2025-06-03

Post by mxj262 on FB having single input but initialized with Array ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
I am adding elements of an ARRAY using pointer to access each element inside a FOR loop and the FOR loop does not stop! What is the right way to use pointers in such case?? I have another loop that is not using pointer and it stops but the loop using pointer keep on adding. METHOD FB_Init: BOOL VAR_INPUT bInitRetains: BOOL; // TRUE: the retain variables are initialized (reset warm / reset cold) bInCopyCode: BOOL; // TRUE: the instance will be copied to the copy code afterward (online change) END_VAR VAR_IN_OUT // basically REFERENCE TO window_buffer: ARRAY [*] OF INT; // array of any size END_VAR THIS^.windowPtr := ADR(window_buffer[0]); THIS^.windowSize := UPPER_BOUND(window_buffer, 1) - LOWER_BOUND(window_buffer, 1) + 1; FUNCTION_BLOCK FB500 VAR_INPUT END_VAR VAR_OUTPUT END_VAR VAR windowPtr: POINTER TO INT; windowSize: DINT; currentIndex: UINT; element1:INT; element2:INT; i:INT; j:INT; sum:DINT:=0; END_VAR element1:=windowPtr[0]; // read the first element of the Array dynamic memorry element2:=windowPtr[1]; FOR i:=0 TO (TO_INT(windowSize-1)) BY 1 DO // this loop does not stop Sum:=sum + windowPtr[i]; END_FOR FOR j:=0 TO 5 BY 1 DO // this loop stops j:=j+1; END_FOR https://ibb.co/k3DhkZT
Last updated: 2024-05-06

Post by levih on FbHTTPs_Get how to get data from a website and use it in codesys ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
You get an array of DWORD into your receive buffer. You need to process this into usable data, before you can fit it into your DUT. I've made it work using FbWrite_ToIEC_ByRule in stead of Fb_JSON_ParseAndModify. I've attached images of the code. You receive the data into ARRAY[0..1023] OF DWORD. Then you use that array as the input for fbWrite_ToIEC_ByRule. To get the output from this you define a rule to fit the expected data structure including nesting levels. The you feed the rule into FbWrite_ToIEC_ByRule and then you can set the output to be of your DUT type.
Last updated: 2025-06-16

Post by simover on TCP/IP client ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
I want to send a string to a tics TCP/IP server. I got i working with the Net Base lib. for communication good with this tcis i need to by array of byte I want to include a string in the third position of the array TCIS_Send[1] :=254; //this valus is fix for evry communication TCIS_Send[2] :=80; //this valus is fix for evry communication TCIS_Send[3] := ; here I put my and my string is lik this 5806509-DRAP10#AB#3452302073 TCIS_Send[4] :=252; //this valus is fix for evry communication
Last updated: 2023-12-18

Post by ojz0r on INT_TO_WORD function not working ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
That calculation will not work the way you expect it to. If PumpFillSpeed is limitied to 0-50 then the only whole number would be 50/50 = 1 everything else is 0.0-0.9999... and since you are using word and integer only 50 would work since there is no representation for mantissa in integer values. Declare a temporary real variable and do the calculation and then do a REAL_TO_WORD in the DRV2Speed assignment.
Last updated: 2024-01-26

Post by nano on Issues with Modbus Slave with Raspberry Pi ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
in the codesyscontrol.cfg or codesyscontrol_user.cfg you have to declare whoch comport-ports from runtime are used. please tell us how the comport is called in linux an post the codesyscontrol.cfg files also write down here, which parameters are used in the python-script and what is parameteized in the modbus-master-comport of your codesys-application. mostly the errors occurs in ine of these areas
Last updated: 2024-07-11

Post by timvh on Stack overflow with really simple function ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
You have declared the function block in a function and call the instance also from a function. This is not correct, because a function is initialised with every call. The http client function block should be declared as Global Variable if you want to cal it from a Function, but probably it is better to declare it in a Program and also call the instance of the http function block from the same Program.... The variables of a Program are not initialised with each call.
Last updated: 2024-09-20

Post by gabrielarffa on Modbus TCP/IP having problems with global variables ^{CODESYS Forge talk (Post)}
I'm using Modbus TCP/IP to communicate Codesys with Elipse E3 as the master for a college project. I have made a list of global variables to organize the programming in two different POUs. The problem is, when I try to do the mapping of variables, the program informs me of an error due to the identifiers having a "." on their names. Do I have to reorganize my code to make it an unified block or is there a way to declare their names without changing all the code structure?
Last updated: 2025-05-20

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